Paraphrase a Journal Article

Thesis needs lots of references. One of them is journal article. We can take information from journal article and put it in our thesis, but we cannot only take it purely. We need to paraphrase it by our own word to avoid plagiarism. Here is the example of paraphrasing the journal article.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXT THROUGH PICTURE WORD INDUCTIVE MODEL

Werdi Rolando Damanik

Sri Juriaty Ownie

Introduction:

           

            Listening, Speaking, Reading, and Writing are four basic language skills which every student must master. However, nowadays active skills such as speaking and writing are very needed for education and business. Based on School Based Curriculum (KTSP), Junior High School Students are expected to write descriptive, procedure, recount, narrative, and report text. The researcher found the problem in students’ writing skill, according to researcher’s experience in Teaching Practice Program (PPL) in First Grade Senior High School. The researcher found some reasons by doing the interview and found that the students cannot organize ideas well, lack of vocabulary, always waiting the help from teacher, and the teaching technique that applied by teacher. Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) was being chosen by the researcher to solve the problem. Students can evolve their idea through the picture to compose a sentence or paragraph. The researcher extracted to know if PWIM can improve students’ achievement in writing procedure on X grade students. The problem of this study is “Does Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) improves students’ achievement in writing procedure text?”  The scope of study will be only focus on investigating the students’ achievement of X grade Students of SMA Negeri 1 Pematangsiantar in writing procedure text through the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) in order to get the best result.

The results of the study are expected both the theories and practice to be useful for:

1. The students who want to improve their ability in writing procedure test through the P icture Word Inductive Model (PWIM)

2. English teacher who teach writing particularly those who want to improve their students’ achievement in writing procedure text through the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) in order to decrease the problem of the study in the class.

3. The readers who are interested in conducting further study related to the improvement of students’ achievement in writing procedure text through the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM)

Literature Review:

            According to Calhoun (1999, p.21) Picture Word Inductive Model is an art strategy to help students develop titles, sentences, and paragraph through the picture that given and labeled by the teacher. PWIM can help students to explain the picture into the sentences according to word charts on the picture. Help students to connect speaking-writing-reading is a major goal of PWIM.

The Procedure of Applying Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM)

The ten phases of PWIM that developed by Calhoun (1999) are:

1.      Selected a picture

2.      Ask student to identify what they see in the picture

3.      Label the picture parts identified

4.      Read and review the picture word chart aloud

5.      Ask the students to read and classifying the words

6.      Read and review the picture word chart (say the word, spell it and say it again).

7.      Add words,

8.      Lead students into creating a title

9.      Generate sentences and paragraphs

10.  Read and review the sentences and paragraphs.

The Advantages of Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM):

According to Wood, K.D., & Tinajero, J., (2002)

1.      PWIM helps second language learners to start learn a new language in their native language by accentuating phonics, grammar, mechanics, and usage of Standard English.

2.      New word, phrases, and sentences could be more real if given along the picture.

3.      Picture can help students to engage in the classroom activities about the current material and be a part of the teamwork.

4.      Frequently heard and pronounced the word correctly.

5.      Second language learners will guided by the tutor that can give them the word that has the close meaning with their native language.

6.      Picture word chart that given by the teacher also can enrich their vocabulary.

7.      Students can correlate the English language pattern and make them can use it appropriately.

8.      Students can spell and write the word correctly by hearing it frequently.

9.      Second language learner can learn from friends, parents, or teacher to give an example from the key concept.

Methodology:

This research use action research that focus on classroom action research. According to Burns (2010:2) generally, for some time in education, action research is a part of broad movement. Classroom action research implicate repeatedly phases, such as planning, acting, and reflecting.

The Subject of Research

The subject of this research was first grade, X-1 students of SMA Negeri 1 Pematangsiantar Academic Year 2012 which consist of 30 students. This school are consist 3 English teachers for the first grade. And there are ten classes of first grade, class X-1 to X-10.

The Instrument of collecting data

1.      Observation sheet

2.      Diary Note

The Procedure of Action Research

1.      Planning

2.      Action

3.      Observation

4.      Reflection

The Technique of Analyzing the Data:

The researcher uses qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative will analyze the observation sheet and diary note and quantitative data will analyze the result of students’ writing test.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The researcher found the improvement of students’ achievement on writing procedure text by using Picture Word Inductive Model by quantitative data analysis. It can be seen by data, which showed that the mean of the students in Test III (81.16%) was higher than in test II (67.13%) and also in Test I (52.40%). The improvement was not only happened in the mean of students’ score but also in the percentage of master students who got 70 points up. The percentage was improved from 10% in the Test I to 33.33% in the test II and 96.66% in the Test III.

The researcher also found the improvement by qualitative data analysis that the students enthusiasm and interest during teaching learning process was increased.

Based on the result above, PWIM had been successful to improve improved students’ achievement in writing procedure text.

There are positive results that students enjoy in writing and do not find any difficulties during teaching learning process using PWIM, also PWIM improve the students’ score because of this condition.

Based on the conclusion above, the researcher give some suggestions:

1.      Teacher can use PWIM in teaching writing because students really like it and it can increase students’ score.

2.      PWIM can help students easier to write and make the teaching learning process more interesting.

3.      May this research can help all reader to understand how to improve students’ achievement in writing through PWIM.

Reference:

Damanik, W.R, and Ownie, S.J. Improving Students’ Achievement in Writing Procedure Text through Picture Word Inductive Model.

Write a Formal e-mail

We used to send an e-mail to our friends and families. Of course, it must be non-formal e-mail. We do not need to write an e-mail formally for them. As a student university, we need to learn how to write a formal e-mail. Why? Because we need it to write an e-mail for lecturer, job application, scholarship, etc. I will give some information how to write a formal e-mail.

First, you need to write “Subject e-mail” clearly and shortly. The e-mail receiver will look at your e-mail as an important e-mail not as a spam. Second, use a polite word. Choose as polite as possible to greet the e-mail receiver. Do not forget to introduce yourself.  Then, deliver your purpose clearly and politely. Avoid the grammatical and spelling error.

Here is the example of formal e-mail to lecturer:

Subject e-mail: English Department Student-Proposal

Assalamu’alaikum

Greeting: Dear Mr. Mustafa

Introduction: I am Nenden Dwi Puspita Sari from English Department. Purpose: You are my proposal advisor. I want to discuss about my proposal with you. When do you have a time, sir? Wassalam.

Journal Analysis

As last semester students, we need to write a thesis. We need some journal article as our references. In analyzing journal article, firstly, we need to know the method. How the writer collected the data. Next, we need to know the finding of the journal. Then, the discussion and last is the conclusion. Here is the example of journal analysis.  

TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY USING

PICTURES TO THE FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS OF

SDN TUGU JEBRES NO. 120 SURAKARTA

Himayatus Sholihah

2009

This research use qualitative methodology. The writer did a classroom research at the fifth grade students of SDN Tugu Jebres. The writer tells the reader the step of the process of teaching English vocabularies by using pictures in this class.

The Influences of Using Pictures in Teaching English Vocabulary

1. To improve the students’ motivation

Students enthusiastic were very high when the teacher showed them the picture. Their motivation to learn English also high and it make them really like to learn new vocabulary. This makes the improvement of students’ vocabulary. 

2. To attract the Students’ attention

Picture is always success to attract students’ attention. Because when the teacher teach them a new vocabulary and show the picture of it, the students will focus on the lesson. When their attention is on the lesson, they will learn it easily.

3. Pictures help the students to memorize the vocabularies

When the teacher uses the picture when teaching a new vocabulary, the student will understand it easily. Because by using picture is important to make a vocabulary related to its meaning. When the student can understand it, they will remember it easily.

4. To make the teaching learning activity more interesting

Student really likes to learn something new with an interesting method. Using picture is one of it. When the teacher shows them the picture, they will enjoy the lesson and never get bored. As the result, the class will be more interesting.

Conclusion

By the positive points above, using picture in teaching vocabulary is good technique to enhance the students’ vocabulary. The student can remember easily and use the vocabulary appropriately. It can make a conclusion that using pictures is effective in the teaching English vocabulary.

Free Websites for English Learner

Language is a skill, means that it does not come easily to our life. We need to learn it if the language is not our mother tongue, such as English. By learning and practicing, we could understand and use English as our language. There are a lot of websites that provide English learning content for free. For instance are Colorin Colorado, EverythingESL, and Manythings.org.

Colorin Colorado (Colorincolorado.org) is the website that provides several features which we can use to improve our English skill. One of the features that interest me is resource library. In resource library, it filled with tools and materials that we can use in the classroom, with parents, for our professional development. As a future teacher, I need to learn not only about English but also need to know which material that best for my student in the appropriate grade.

The second website that interested me is EverythingESL.net. In this website, there is a feature that provides teaching tips. I saw a lot of articles that give the reader a lot of tips how to face  many type of students. This is very useful for me as a future English teacher to face the real student with various types and various problems. Also, we can contact the admin of this website directly if we have a problem in learning and teaching English.

The last website is Manythings.org. There is a feature named “slang & idiom”. In this feature, we can a lot of idiom/slang with the meaning below the sentence. It will enrich my list of idiom & slang , also let me know the meaning easily, so I can use the idiom and slang appropriately.

To improve our English and teaching English skill we need to learn, learn, and learn. We can learn it from everywhere. Those websites above are the example that we can learn English much easier. Those websites are really useful to improve my English and teaching English skill.

Critically Reading Journal Articles

Read a journal article is not easy. To comprehend the journal article, we need to do some step to read a journal critically

First of all, we need to understand about the meaning of the topic. By the title, we will know what the journal will discuss. Then, read the abstract of the journal. Abstract will explain about the summary of the whole journal. You are disallowed to only read the abstract, however abstract will help you to comprehend the whole journal. Then, read the introduction. In introduction, we will know what and why the research is conducted. The most essential thing is you have to know the method that the researcher used in composing the journal. Does the researcher used the appropriate method or does the method give the accurate result? Another essential thing is reading the result of the research. Does it related between the hypothesis and the result. Then, read the advantages of the result of this journal that can we use in our real life. Does the result give us a new knowledge that we never seen before. Last is the conclusion. In conclusion, we can read the important summary of the journal. Then, we will know about the next research based on the findings in the journal. 

Persuading Others: Persuasive Paragraph

To persuade others, we should use interesting word that can make people will fdo what we want them to do. We have to provide good reasons logically for people and something that has a lot of benefit for the people to follow us. Persuading others really useful for some people, for instance the parents who want to persuade their children, parents should use interesting word in order to make their children follow all the parents’ rules. It also happens for the seller/salesman, they should use interesting sentences for persuading other people to buy what they selling are.

How to make a persuasive paragraph is very easy. Firstly, you need to think about the topic. Then, you need to add several positive about the topic. You also need to give your own reason why you agree with that topic. Furthermore, read some references about persuasive paragraph to then analyze them.

We can make a persuasive paragraph, by study hard and practice. Because persuading others really important for so many people, such as entrepreneur, parents, teacher, salesman, insurance sales, etc.

 This is an example of Persuasive essay. Let’s check this out!

Teaching English through Picture Word Inductive Model

It is not hard to teach English as a Foreign Language (EFL) as long as the English teacher knows what the best way to teach the students is. Firstly, teacher needs to teach the students about the basic, like vocabulary. Teaching vocabulary is both easy and difficult; depend on the teacher’s teaching style. However, teacher needs to use Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM). This strategy uses picture while teaching students vocabulary. It can be interesting the students. Also, make students easier to remember and understand the new vocabulary. Of course, it will enrich students’ their vocabulary.

Junior High School students really like something fun. Students feel bored easily when they are in the class. However, English teacher should bring the interesting teaching aid to the class. Such as picture, when you bring the picture into the class, you will catch students’ attention easily. Students will curious about the picture and totally focus on what you want to teach.

When you have had students’ attention, they would like to follow your lesson in the class. You can ask the students to remember the vocabulary in the picture. Usually, students can easily remember the picture than only the list of words. Especially for student that kind of visual learner, they will like PWIM teaching strategy. Also, picture is one of the best ways to describe the meaning to the students than only give them the meaning with word. Students will know the meaning by looking at the picture and know how to use the word appropriately.

After the students can remember hundreds of words and understand the meaning appropriately, their vocabulary will increase sharply. The students have a lot of words in their mind and they will easily use it in their lesson. Best of all, the students can use the word appropriately. PWIM teaching strategy not only enriches students’ vocabulary but also describe the meaning clearly to the students’.

 Teaching English through Picture Word Inductive Model is fun to do. Teacher can easily make students be interesting and focus on the lesson. Students can understand and remember the words in their mind. Above all, the students’ vocabulary will be more and more. Teach your students in Picture Word Inductive Model teaching strategy and see how it changes.

Translator and Interpreter

Translator and interpreter is two different things. Translator is someone who translate source language into target language in document or written text. However, an interpreter is someone who translate source language into target language directly after the speaker finish his talk.
While translating, a translator still have time to looking for the meaning in dictionary, fix the sentences that not really appropriate into the appropriate one.  However, an Interpreter cannot do like translator do, he should translate the sentences directly and spontaneously without space time and only for those who really professional who can do this. 

There are two kinds of interpreter, first is simultaneous interpreting and the second one is consecutive interpreting. Simultaneous interpreting is translating the sentences directly right after the speaker finish one sentence. Simultaneous interpreter should have a good memory, rich of vocabulary, understand about proverb, term, and idiom who can make people easy to understand. The second one is consecutive interpreting. Consecutive interpreter is translating directly after the speaker finish several sentences and the interpreter has a space time around  1 minutes, and he allowed to take a note about what the speaker talk about.